Survival is an art that relies on preparation, adaptability and knowledge of the fundamentals of dealing with emergency situations. Whether you’re an outdoor enthusiast, bushcrafter, or simply concerned about your safety in the event of a disaster, understanding the basics of survival can mean the difference between life and death. In this article, we’ll introduce you to the key elements of survival and the skills you need to face the unexpected.

_{Find and purify water}

Water is the most essential resource in a survival situation. Here are some possible sources of drinking water

Rivers and streams (prefer moving water rather than stagnant).
Rainwater (collected using a tarpaulin or clothing).
Natural springs (fountains or rock seeps).

It is imperative to purify water before consuming it to avoid diseases:

Boiling : Boiling water for at least 5 minutes kills most pathogens.
Filtration : use a portable filter or make a rudimentary filter with sand, charcoal and cloth.
Purification tablets : effective in neutralizing chemical and biological contaminants.

2. Build a shelter

A shelter protects against cold, heat and bad weather. Depending on the environment, several options are available to you

Natural shelter : caves, rock cavities or hollow trees.
Makeshift shelter : a simple hole in the ground covered with branches and foliage can serve as thermal insulation.
Improvised tent : a tarpaulin, a survival blanket or branches arranged in an A-frame can offer good protection.

3. Start a fire

Fire is essential for warmth, purifying water, cooking and keeping wild animals away. Some methods for lighting a fire without matches

With a lighter or waterproof matches (to always have in your survival kit).
firesteel : creates sparks capable of igniting dry tinder.
Friction technique : more difficult method requiring dry wood (driller and board).

4. Find food

Even if food isn’t an immediate priority, knowing where to find it helps in the long run:

Edible plants : dandelion, nettle, wild berries (be careful of toxic berries).
Fishing and hunting : use simple traps or improvised fishing line.
Insects : rich in protein and often easier to catch than game.

5. Orientation and movement

Getting lost can make a survival situation worse. Here are some tips for finding your way:

Create markers : mark your path with stones or sticks so as not to go in circles.

The sun and the stars : during the day, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west; At night, the North Star points north.

Moss on the trees : it often grows on the wetter side, generally to the north in the northern hemisphere.

6. Emergency First Aid

A well-prepared first aid kit is essential

Disinfectant and dressings to treat wounds.
Bandages and splints for fractures or sprains.
Basic medications (painkillers, antihistamines, activated charcoal in case of poisoning).

7. Psychology and mentality in survival situations

Fear and stress can impair thinking and decision-making skills. Adopting a positive and rational mindset is crucial:

Assess the situation calmly and establish priorities.
Save your energy avoiding unnecessary actions.
Keep hope and find short-term goals to stay motivated.

Conclusion

Survival is based on fundamental principles accessible to everyone. Knowing and regularly practicing these skills greatly increases your chances of survival in an emergency. Preparation is key: good equipment, proper training and a resilient mindset will make all the difference. Take the time to learn these basics and practice regularly so you’re ready for the unexpected.

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